“Nine Pound Hammer” descends from African American work songs sung by railroad and convict crews in the late nineteenth century. Al Hopkins and His Buckle Busters made an early recording in 1927, and Merle Travis later reshaped it around the coal country of his native Kentucky.
The song is a worn laborer’s protest. The nine-pound hammer is too heavy for his size, and the singer declares he is done with it — the captain can keep the hammer — longing instead for rest and for the one he loves.
The song became a bluegrass standard.