“Wildwood Flower” is a variant of the 1860 parlour song “I’ll Twine ‘Mid the Ringlets,” with music by Joseph Philbrick Webster (the same composer behind “Sweet By and By”) and lyrics attributed to Maud Irving. Research by E.M. Bram suggests “Maud Irving” was likely a pseudonym for J. William Van Namee, a poet who sometimes used the female name when his work appeared in magazines targeted to women.
The Carter Family recorded their canonical version on May 10, 1928 in Camden, New Jersey for Victor — Maybelle Carter’s 19th birthday. Sara Carter sang lead while Maybelle played the now-famous “Carter scratch” guitar accompaniment that would shape generations of acoustic guitar playing. The lyric had passed through enough oral transmission by 1928 that the original 1860 imagery was substantially altered — the “ringlets” of the maiden’s hair became “mingles” in the Carter version, the “pale aronatus” vanished, and other small but consequential shifts had crept in.
The song became one of the foundational documents of American country music. The Carter Family’s recording was selected for preservation in the Library of Congress’s National Recording Registry. The song is the most-recorded Carter Family piece and remains a constant in old-time, country, and bluegrass repertoires. A notable recording is June Carter’s 2003 reading on her solo album Wildwood Flower, made with her daughter Carlene Carter and Marty Stuart shortly before June’s death.
